What is meant by a runway incursion?

A runway incursion refers specifically to an event where an aircraft, vehicle, or individual unintentionally enters a runway or other landing/takeoff area where it should not be. This definition encompasses various situations that may pose a serious safety risk, such as a vehicle driving onto a runway while an aircraft is preparing for takeoff or an individual being present on the runway without proper clearance.

This option captures the essence of what constitutes a runway incursion, highlighting the potential dangers associated with unauthorized presence in crucial areas of airport operations. Understanding this concept is vital for maintaining safety protocols at airports, as runway incursions can lead to accidents or near-collisions between aircraft and other entities on the runway.

The other options describe related aviation events but do not accurately encapsulate the defined concept of a runway incursion. For example, mistakenly taking off from the wrong runway is a specific error that can occur, but it does not address the broader range of occurrences that a runway incursion entails. Similarly, delays in landing sequences or aircraft distress during takeoff involve different operational issues that do not match the focused definition of unauthorized presence on the runway or landing area.