What does "Push Back" involve?

"Push Back" refers specifically to the backward movement of an aircraft from the terminal gate, facilitated by a specialized vehicle known as a pushback tug or tow vehicle. This procedure is essential for safely maneuvering the aircraft while ensuring that the engines are not in operation, which helps to avoid potential hazards or damage.

During "Push Back," ground crew members coordinate with the aircraft's pilot to ensure that the operation is safe and efficient, often using hand signals or radio communication. This process does not involve the aircraft's engines and is crucial for preparing the aircraft for taxiing to the runway.

The other options describe different aspects of aviation operations that do not directly relate to the definition of "Push Back." For example, moving an aircraft forward using engine thrust pertains to taxiing but not pushback procedures. Maintenance procedures are critical for ensuring aircraft safety and functionality, while loading and unloading of cargo is related to ground handling but is separate from the pushback operation itself.